If risk factors are identified and influenced, they can delay or ideally prevent the onset of dementia. Social integration is a significant and modifiable risk factor in this regard. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive understanding of the connection between dementia risk and social integration.
The objective of the systematic review by Wang and colleagues was therefore to present the connection between social integration and dementia risk, as well as the influence of social participation over a longer period. In the study, the researchers defined „social integration“ as the individual's connection to society, family, friends, and community facilities. The authors based this definition on a specific model. Overall, the researchers analyzed 32 studies, with the observation period varying between two and 20 years.
Social engagement has a positive impact on health maintenance
The researchers concluded that social engagement and the frequency of social contact, in particular, represent a protective factor. Furthermore, the size of one's social network can have a significant influence on maintaining health. According to Wang and colleagues, active participation in social activities plays a more important role than simply accepting social support.
Loneliness is associated with a higher risk of dementia
However, the study also highlights the negative effects of a lack of social engagement on the risk of dementia. For example, loneliness can be compared to obesity in terms of its impact as a risk factor for dementia and is even considered more significant than hearing loss as a risk factor for dementia.
In summary, the researchers are certain that the factors identified as contributing to social integration can provide policymakers, health experts, and researchers with valuable insights for developing measures to prevent dementia in adults.
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