Mortality rates, doctor visits, or hospital stays: To what extent does the scientific literature reflect differences in the quality of dementia care in rural and urban areas? Researchers from Canada have found differences.
Canadian researchers wanted to know precisely: To what extent is the scientific literature reflecting differences in the quality of dementia care in rural and urban areas? For this reason, they conducted a review of 38 international studies, including six from Germany, systematically evaluated. The studies were published within a 25-year research period. The overview of the differences that the scientists have found can serve as a guide for researchers and decision-makers in health policy for the development of more equitable dementia care policies.
Higher mortality rate
Consequently, people with dementia living in rural areas show higher mortality rates than their urban counterparts. The scientific evidence for this study finding is strongest. „This realization alone should justify the pursuit of fairer measures“ for both people with dementia and their caregivers, the authors write.
Fewer doctor's visits, more hospital stays
The number of doctor's visits was also recorded. Studies suggest that people with dementia in rural areas visit their general practitioner or specialist less often than those in urban areas – which could be partly due to the „documented shortage of doctors in rural regions.“ The situation is different for inpatient care for people with dementia. Here, there are more hospital stays, although they are of shorter duration.
Dementia diagnosis often made too late
For people with dementia, an early diagnosis is important. However, a Canadian review shows that diagnosis occurs later for those in rural areas compared to urban areas. Nevertheless, the research in this area is insufficient. Regarding the prescription of medication by doctors, the authors found that medical professionals in rural areas prescribed more of these medications. „This could be due to differences in the clientele, for example, clients with a more severe form of dementia due to delayed diagnosis in the rural population,“ the study states.
Further research is urgently needed
In the study, the authors clearly point out a scientific deficit. The literature on the differences between rural and urban areas in the quality of dementia care is still new. This means that studies of better quality in this regard are often still lacking, and further research is needed in many areas. Furthermore, most studies only come from high-income countries. Therefore, the scientists emphasize: „It is imperative to provide decision-makers with evidence to pursue equitable policies and reduce health disparities“ for all people with dementia and their caregivers.
Tip for practice: If you notice symptoms of illness, especially those related to your memory, seek medical help early. Your family doctor or specialist can help you clarify symptoms and initiate treatment.
Here is the link to the study: Rural and urban differences in the quality of dementia care for persons with dementia and their caregivers across all domains: a systematic review
